Carbureter for internal-combustion engines.



J. JOHNSTON. GARBURETER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 3, 1907.

3 SHEETS-$HEET 1.

jizozsicwr- (75702 Jain/"5012.

PATENTED JULY 28, 1908.

J. JOHNSTON. GARBURETBR FORINVTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

A PPLIOATION TI LBD JUNE 3, 1907.

s SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENTED JULY 28, 1908 PATBNTQEDD JULY 28, 1908; J. JOHNSTON, GARBURETER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE a, 19075 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

warren STATES PATENT onnion JOHN JOHNSTON, OF FULHAM,' LONDON ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO HARRY WILLIAM BUDD ICOM, OF PENBEDW, ENGLAND.

CARBURETER FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specificationbf Letters Patent.

Patented July 28, 1908.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN JOHNSTON, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at 19 Crookham road, Fulham, London, S. W., having invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters for Internal-Combustion Engines, do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

This invention relates to carburetors for internal combustion engines, the object being to construct a device which will give a high vaporizing eifect with a low resistance to the incoming air, and which will also keep the supply of oil and air in correct proportion to suit t e speed of the engine.

The invention consists inmounting a lift- ,valve havin a broad face (of particular construction, t lie face and its seating being shaped so that when closed the valve makes contact with the seating only over a narrow portion at the centerof the same and tapers I away towards the edges so that there is considerable clearance between the valve and its seat at the said edges. The an to the carbureter comes in above this valve and the oil keep the oil supply proportional to the air on the wellfknowmprmciple of the venturi tube.

The invention also consists of means for. checking the lift of the valve and causing the same to close quickly when the suction of the engine ceases, this being an important point in igh speed engines. This is effected by nominally holding the valve to its face by a light spiral -spring, andchecking the lift at the required point by .causin the stem of the valve to come in'contact wit a flexible steel disk "when yields slightly to the ini at and to the-inrush.ofair, andwhen "t e latter ceases it quickly. reacts and giveszthe valve & S eep-impetus towards its seat, thus giving closing movement.

a u The invention further consists in. fixing below the valve. a-mixin device comprisin a' circumferential set 0- stationary radlal blades". or bafies similar in shape to the blades of a" fan of the screw or. axial flow de;

' the same.

scription for giving a centrifugal motion to the air and 011 passing them, the disk preventing the air passing otherwise than be tween the blades. Below the blades and approximately parallel thereto, but separated by a redetermined space, a series of saw tooth sl iaped projections are formed on the body of the carburetor on to the back of which projections the air and oil is projected due to the direction given to the same by the blades, these teeth extending as far as the induction pipe and the chambenin which they are formed contracts towards-a throttle ring by which the sectional area through which the gas passes is reduced so as to increase the velocity of the mixture on its way to the induction pi e as the throttle is closed down thus intensi ying the spraying action.

The accompanying drawings illustrate a carbureter according to the invention, Fig- Fig. 4 is a 1plan of the spring disk and fan employed.

spraying chamber. In constructing one mode, I form the carburetor in two main portions which I will call the body, a, and the cover, I), the body being of the before men tioned bottle shape internally with a connec tion, 0, to the engine induction pipeat the bottom and with an annular space, (2, cast round the conver ing portion of the neck, through which ex aust gases, hot water or any other suitable heating agent is'passed to keep the carbureter warm, suitable lnlet and out et connections, 6, e, being provided for The top of the body ternally to receive the disk t, and blades 1) and has lugs or a flange cast outside for attachment to the cover. The blades '0, rest on the uppermost of a series of tooth-shaped projections s, hereinafter referred to.

The cover is circular in shape and has lugs the invention accordingto' .ures 1 and 2 being two sectional elevations on planes at right angles, and Fig. 3 a plan.

1 5 is a sectional elevation showmg a mod' ed form of throttle valve and ora flange corresponding to those on the body for attachment thereto. It rimarily forms a seat for the valve, f, whic may be flat or conical but'which is preferably flat as 1 shown, as this shapeis better-ada ted to the before mentioned converging an diver ing construction of face,-that is to say, the ace dive'rgesfrom the circular contact surface, g,

is a cylindrical extension of the cover for the admission of air to the same, the air being admitted by means of ports, 2', cut in its circumference, each ort being separated by a space of the same engtli. Over these ports and spaces is fitted a movable sleeve, is, having corresponding ports spaces to the cover which sleeve can be moved round so that one set of ports isadjustable to the other in such a manner as to increase or diminish the availabl'earea for the passage of air through the ports to the valve.

To hold the sleeve in any set position it is divided at one'point and provided with lugs, Z,.on each side of the division with clearance between them, these lugs being forced together by means of springs, m, which cause the sleeve, is, to tightly clasp the cover, t.

To move the sleeve, a lever, 5c, is fitted. with fulcrums between the lugs, Z, n such a way that the first part of Rs movement 1s to force the lug, Z, apart and thus frees the sleeve, 76, on the cover, I), so that it can be easily moved to any desired position.

Leadin to the face of the valve are one or more sma 1 holes, 0, for oil or spirit with adjusting needle valves, p, of any suit-able form fitted into the same.

The top ofthe carbureter is closed and at its center is formed with a guide for the throttle valve spindle, q, which slides vertically in the same, it being operated in an ordinar manner. This spindle asses directly own the center of the car ureter to the conical throttle valve, r, working between the tooth shaped projections, s, in the body. It also passes through the steel disk, 5, supported on or formed integral with the stationary blades, 1), and further forms a guide for the valve, f, and for the spring, g which returns the valve to its seat.

In the form shown, the disk 15, and the blades '0, are inte ral and the blades rest on the up ermost oi a series of ledges s, the disks with its blades being stationary, that is, it does not rotate. It is sustained in position by the spring y. similar in shape to those of a fan of the screw or axial flow-type, the air rushing between them is deflected and given a centrifugal or whirling motion.

The cone, u, of the throttle valve may be corrugated stepped or similarly formed if desired to provide an additional atomizing device on which. like the projections, 8, any large particles of oil or s irit are broken up by the velocityof the air, tnis action being intensified as the throttle is closed down due to the reduced area of the passage past the throttle causing an increased vacuum and a hi her velocity of air.

in the form shown in Fig. 5, the throttle valve, 1", is arranged with its vertex uppermost the surface of the body conforming thereto.

The blades '2), being.

The upper part of the valve, 1*, in

assess this case is provided with deflecting vanes or baiiles, 'w, to aid in bufleting the spray. The throttle valve is also shown mounted on a spping, :c, which abuts against the valve and a collar, y, on the spindle, g.

The action of the carburetor is briefly as iollows:A suction stroke of the engine tale in place the throttle valve being opened the vs. vs, is sucked open, uncovering the oil holes, 0, and simultaneously passing in a charge of oil and air which passes down between the stationary blades or lmlllcs, c, and by them is given a centrifugal motion causing it to pass diagonally across the teeth. .s, from one to the other of which the oil is buffeted and sprayed; the teeth, 8, at the same time being lzept hot by the exhaust jacket the air and oil is formed into a co1nparatively stable mixture which now passes over the edges of the teeth and )HSl the throttle, 1*, into the induction pipe and thence to the engine cylinder; when the suction ceases the pressure of the incoming air against-the valve,f, and disk, 15, is removed and the reaction of the latter together with the spiral sprin y, uickly closes the valve f, stopping the l ow or oil and air till the next suction.

Having no w described my inventirm, what I claim as new and desire to secure by listters Patent is:

1. In a carbureter, a disk valve, a seating therefor, an air passagelcadiug to the valve and oil holes leading to the face of the scaling and adapted to be closed by the valve, said valve and seating having between them when the valve is open, throat which first converges in the direction of flow and then diverges in said direct-ion, substantially as described.

2. In a carburetor, a disk valve. a seating therefor, an air passage loading to the valve, oil holes leading to the face of the scaling: and adapted to be closed by the valve, said .valve and seating being so shaped that when the valve is open they form in conjunclirm a. converging and diverging throat. a light spring beneath said valve and ur elusiiv disk ada ited to yield, under the sucliou but l aid in sharply returning the valve when the :-1Iition ceases.

In a carburetor, a disk valve. :1 scaling therefor, an air passage loading lo tho valve, oil holes leading to the lure of the son I iug and adapted to be closed by the valve, said valve and seating being so shaped that when the valve is open they form in conjunction. s (onvcrging and diverging throat, an elastic disk beneath said valve adapted to yield under the suction, but to aid in slulrplv returning the valve when the suction census, and blades forming a i'nixing device adjacent lo the therefor, an air passage leadin 4. In a carbureter,-a disk valve, a seating to the valve, oil holes leading to the face of t e seating and adapted tobe closed by-the valve, the valve and seating being so shaped that when'the valve is open they form a converging and diverging throat, an elastic disk beneath the .valve adapted to yield under the suction but to aid in sharply closing the valve when the suction ceases, blades forming'a mixing device adjacent to the circumference of the disk, an inclosing body, and an irregular surface in'said body below the blades, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a carbureter, a cover, air ports in said cover, a movable perforated sleeve for regulating the opening of said ports, a body having a converging interior and an outlet connection to the engine, a passa e connecting the interior of the cover and bofy a disk valve for controllin said assag'e, a valve seating on the cover, oil oles eading to the face thereof and adapted to be closed by the valve, the valve and seating being so shaped as to form a converging and diverging throat when the valve is 0 en, a light spring beneath the valve, an e astic dis supporting: said spring and adapted to yield under the suction but to close the valve when suction ceases, blades cumference of the disk and saw-toothed projections on the internal surface of the body,

substantially as and for the purpose set forth..

6. In a carbureter, a cover and a body,

orming a mixing device adjacent to the cir- I body, a disk valve controlling said passage, a seating for said valve, the seating and valve being so shaped as to form a converging and diverging throat when the valve opens, oil holes leading to the seating adapted to be closed by the valve, a light spring beneath the valve, an elastic disk beneath said spring adapted to yield under suction but to aid in closln the valve when suction ceases, blades forming a mixing device, on the cir-. cumference of said disk, a converging-internal surface to the bod irregularities on said surface, an outlet from the interior of the body, and a throttle valve for controlling saidv outlet, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth. a

7. In a carbureter, a disk valve, a seating therefor, the seating and valve being so shaped as to form a converging and diverging throat when the valve is open, oil holes in the face-of the seating, a spring and an elastic disk beneath said valve for closing the same, a body having a converging interior, irregularities on the internal surface of the body, a throttle valve for controlling the outlet from the interior of the body and a jacket for hot fluid surrounding the body, substan- 'tially as and forthe purposes hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN JOHNSTON.

signature Witnesses: ALBERT E. PARKER,

FRANCIS J. BIGNELL. 

